10 Time Tested Tips To Quickly Avoid Plagiarism

Ten Tips on how to avoid plagiarism: Students’ GuideHow to Avoid Plagiarism?When writing a college essay or a research paper, chances are that you will need to consult various sources to develop your ideas. However, you must show where the ideas or quotes are coming from, otherwise, you would be accused of plagiarism. In this guide, we will explore how best to avoid plagiarism. First of all, let us just say that there are so many articles out there which try to explain avoiding plagiarism. As a matter of fact, when we asked Google, we came across over 308,000 results. Doing this research will get you some good recommendations, but beware bad recommendation including using free plagiarism checker. I will explain why in a second. We believe what drives everyone crazy is the fact that so many of these articles are written with the intent to promote a company than trying to provide valuable information. In other cases we came across information that was just seasonal. So, that’s what brings us to this particular topic, how to avoid plagirism. Let’s dive right in†¦ Simply put, plagiarism is any instance of taking another person’s or author’s ideas or research and representing it as your own. Most colleges and universities have advanced plagiarism detection systems, and if you are caught, you will get penalties. Here is brief guide that describes how to check for plagiarism. The consequences for being caught having plagiarising in your work can be very severe, with punishments ranging from exclusion from a course to expulsion from university; even – in some instances – to court hearings. However, plagiarism is not always committed intentionally; most plagiarised essays or dissertations are simply improperly referenced, or where students inadvertently mix their own ides with those of another, without referencing. We have already provided a guide that goes in a lot of detail regarding how to paraphrase essays and dissertations. Yes, this is all Plagiarism – Examples of Plagiarism If you use a friend’s essay to submit without changes as your own, or using a part of it to construct your own work, without referencing, and without adequate research, you will be accused of plagiarism. Universities have advanced systems to prevent cheating, and all dissertations, essays, and coursework are submitted through TurnItIn, a system that holds all student work from thousands of universities, and detects abnormal similarity levels. You can certainly check how Turnitin works, by clicking on this link provided here. Using copyrighted material from a website or online sources. You are not allowed to use some sources in your work, and this is clearly stated. This can be patents, invention, artwork, or even studies. Some sources you come across when doing your research will state that the content is copyrighted, or you need the author’s permission to use it. Building your argument on one particular work w ithout adequately referencing it. While you might not use direct quotes from the source, you still need to give credit either in the list of sources or in your footnotes, otherwise, you will be accused of plagiarism. Rewriting an original work. Some students want to save time and energy by using an original essay and trying to rewrite it using different phrases, without changing the meaning. Even though you might have a unique content, similarities will be revealed by the advanced systems universities use, and you will be caught. Direct quotes without adequate referencing. When quoting word-for-word, you need to use quotation marks, and make sure that you provide the author’s name and publication year, along with the page number, based on the required referencing style. Collusion. If you collaborate with other people to complete the essay, research, or course work, you need to acknowledge this in your essay. University Guidelines to Avoid Plagiarism When you start your course, you will be provided with a guide on how to avoid plagiarism by your institution. Make sure that you read through the guidelines, requirements for referencing, and the policies, in particular focus on the penalties issued for breaching the code of academic conduct. You also need to familiarise yourself with the referencing methods expected by your university. You can learn to incorporate Harvard Style or APA style thru our site, make sure you check out our site Journal. Tips on Avoiding Plagiarism If you use direct quotations from books, journal articles, or internet sources, always use a quotation mark, followed by the in-text reference, including the page number. If you use a website as a source, include the paragraph number instead of the page number. Reference all the sources you used. If the idea was mentioned and presented by more than one author and sources, you need to list them all, if you consulted with the papers. If you are referring to multiple sources highlighting an issue or explaining a phenomenon, give details of all of them. If you conduct interviews or ask for advice from experts, discuss your topic with other people, you have to reference their input. Find out how to reference interviews and personal correspondence to avoid plagiarism by checking out our APA referencing guide. Paraphrase. Instead of quoting everything word-for-word, you can integrate the literature you consulted with in a few sentences and provide a reference for each source. You do not have to be exact, and you will need to show your understanding of the idea by putting it into your own words. Check and double check your reference list. One of the most common mistakes students make is that they quote certain sources, but they forget to list them in their bibliography or works cited page. After you finish writing your essay or research paper, go through the content and check that all sources are included in the reference list. This is a habit that will help you avoid plagiarism. Provide a full reference for all internet sources. While you might be tempted to simply mention the name of the website you retrieved the information from, this is not acceptable in academic writing. You need to find out who the author of the blog post or article is, and include their name in your references along with the date of publication. If you do not know the name of the author, you can simply use â€Å"Anon†, but never omit this information. Check Cre ative Commons agreements. You might want to use an image of a company’s logo or store as an illustration for your dissertation and essay, however, you need to check the usage rights before you do. Always search images and graphics through the Creative Commons website, and only use sources you are allowed to. Use advanced tools to detect plagiarism. You can use different tools, such as Grammarly or PaperRater to detect plagiarism before you submit your essay or course work to your university. Always be wary of FREE plagiarism scanning tool. Some companies might take your work publish it later down the road or in some cases it might be online within weeks. So, to avoid any problems, it is always better to pay for scanning your Essays. Always make it clear who stated what. You need to avoid ambiguity and always place the in-text reference after the quote or paraphrase. This way, the reader can easily associate the thought with the source. When in doubt, always cite. Citing more than necessary is always better than omitting citations. Add references when you feel like your paper could benefit from them.How Does our site Ensure Quality with No Plagiarism?As many of you know our Brand is reputable and respected in the online content world. We employ staff that can deliver quality work with the guarantee of 2.1 quality document. In addition, we promise to provide our clients Quality work that is never plagiarised or copied from anywhere with unlimited Edits. Every piece of work that is handed to you will be custom written just for you. We guarantee it. As a matter of policy, our site always performs two Plagiarism checks on each document. Each work is scanned and checked internally before you get it. Each piece of work goes thru manual review to make sure a third party reviews each and every document. By doing so, we ensure our clients are protected. If you have any doubts, you could request a plagiarism report. Do You Need Help with Avoiding Plagiarism? If you would like to make sure that you avoid plagiarism in your essay, you can contact the professional academic editors at our site to look through, edit, and improve your citations. Contact us to get professional help. Check out our sample Essay: Money Makes the World Go Round Summary Reviewer John – our site Admin Review Date 2017-08-18 Reviewed Item How to Avoid Plagiarism? Author Rating 5

In-Class Portion of Final Exam

IT630 – Computer Simulation & Modeling In-Class Portion of Final Exam (50 points) Dr. Seidman June 10, 2010 DIRECTIONS – READ THIS FIRST INTRODUCTION Exam is from 6:00 pm to 9:15 pm. Answer both questions. Total of 50 points. This is an open book, open notes, and open computers exam. This is an individual exam. No collaboration of any kind is permitted. No network connections until you post your answer files to Blackboard when you are done with the exam.You are on the honor system. You have your instructor’s implicit trust. But, you must still hear the consequences of any cheating: immediate failure of the course and a report to the School of Business Dean for possible expulsion from the university. DELIVERY OF ANSWER FILES Put all of your answer files into one folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam located on your computer desktop. Zip this file. Zip file name should be: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Post to Bb Deliver Here in folder named: WEEK 11: IN-CL ASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM.Check with instructor to see that zip file is posted correctly. After this, you may leave the exam room. QUESTIONS: If you have any questions during the exam – ask your instructor. DIRECTIONS – READ THIS FIRST INTRODUCTION Exam is from 6:00 pm to 9:15 pm. Answer both questions. Total of 50 points. This is an open book, open notes, and open computers exam. This is an individual exam. No collaboration of any kind is permitted. No network connections until you post your answer files to Blackboard when you are done with the exam. You are on the honor system. You have your instructor’s implicit trust.But, you must still hear the consequences of any cheating: immediate failure of the course and a report to the School of Business Dean for possible expulsion from the university. DELIVERY OF ANSWER FILES Put all of your answer files into one folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam located on your computer desktop. Zip this file. Zip file nam e should be: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Post to Bb Deliver Here in folder named: WEEK 11: IN-CLASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM. Check with instructor to see that zip file is posted correctly. After this, you may leave the exam room.QUESTIONS: If you have any questions during the exam – ask your instructor. Question #1 Airport Terminal Arena model (25 points total) PART I: BASE MODEL (10 points) Management wants to study Terminal #1 at a hub airport with an eventual eye toward improvement. The first step is to model it as it is (i. e. , BASE model) during the eight hours of the busiest part of a typical weekday. You will create an Arena model of the check-in and the security operations, only. Once passengers get through security they are on their way to their departure gate and leave the system.Passengers arrive one at a time through the front entrance from curbside ground transportation with interarrival times distributed Expo(0. 5) minutes. [All time units are in minutes. ] Of these arriving passengers, 33% go left to an old-fashioned manual check-in counter. And, 57% of the arriving passengers go right to a new automated check-in counter. These two types of passengers take no time to move from the front entrance to their check-in locations. The remaining 10% of arriving passengers do not need to check in at all and go directly from the front entrance to security.It takes these passengers Unif(3, 5) to move from the front entrance to security. There are two agents at the manual check-in station, fed by a single first-come-first-server queue. Manual check-in service times are Triangular(1, 2, 5). After manual check-in, it takes passengers Unif(2. 5, 6. 5) to walk to the security area. The automated check-in consists of two kiosks and is fed by a single first-come-first-server queue. Automated check-in times are Triangular(0. 5, 1, 1. 5). After checking in, these automated check-in passengers take Unif(1, 3) to walk to the security area.Notice that all typ es of passengers eventually go to the security area where there are 6 check-in pods fed by a single first-come-first-serve queue. Security check-in times are Triangular(1, 2, 6). This time covers the many security activities in a pod like: x-ray, metal detector, bag search, etc. Once through security, passengers head to their gates and leave the model. Simulate this system for 8 hours and 1 replication. The performance metric of interest is the average total time in the system of passengers (for all types combined).Place this average somewhere on the model in a text-box. Arena file name: YournameIT630Q1BASE. doe. Place file into folder: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your files are present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and that they open properly. Question #1 (continued) PART II: ALTERNATIVE MODEL (5 points) In PART I, the airline noticed that a lot of people who opt for the manual check-in really don’t need the extra services there and could have used the automated check-in.Instead of the original 33% manual check-in and 57% automated check-in, suppose that the airline is able to encourage only 15% of the arriving passengers to go to the manual check-in and 70% to go to the automated check-in. The other 15% of the arriving passengers go right to security. Nothing else in the Part I model changes. * Revise your Part I Arena model to reflect these changes and name it YournameIT630Q1ALT. doe. Simulate this system for 8 hours and 1 replication. The performance metric of interest is the average total time in the system of passengers (for all types combined).Place this average somewhere on the model in a text-box. PART III: ARENA OUTPUT ANALYZER (10 points) You will need to run the both models for 100 replications. Using the Arena Output Analyzer, compare the average total time in the system of the BASE model against the ALT model to determine whether or not the changes you made actually mad e a statistically significant difference. Hint: Use the Statistics module. [You may want to turn off the animation to speed things up. Run/Run Control/Batch Run (no animation). ] Place a screen shot of the Output Analyzer comparison results on the YournameIT630Q1ALT. oe model. In a text-box on the same model, say whether the changes made make a statistically significant difference. * Save the Output Analyzer file as: OutAnalyzCompareQ1BASE&ALTdrg. ————————————————- ALL PARTS OF Q1 Arena file names: yournameIT630Q1BASE. doe & yournameIT630Q1ALT. doe & yournameOutAnalyzCompareBASE&ALT. dgr Place these three files into folder named: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your files are present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and that they open properly.Question #2. Restaurant Arena model (25 points) ——â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- One customer at a time enters a restaurant according to an Exp(3) minutes distribution. [All time is in minutes. ] This is the lunchtime crowd that eats here between 11:30 am and 2:30 pm. ————————————————- ————————————————- Each customer waits Exp(5) for a table. At the table, the customer places an order which is sent from the customer to the kitchen.The kitchen takes Uniform(5. 5, 9. 5) to prepare the food and then it takes Exp(1. 5) for the lunch food to be sent from the kitchen to the customer’s table. Of course, th e food must match up with the particular customer who sent the order. Hint: Use a Separate module (and other associated modules) to accomplish this. ————————————————- ————————————————- When the order arrives to the customer who sent it, it takes the customer Uniform(12, 17) minutes to eat the meal.Then, the customer leaves the table and queues up at the single cashier where it takes the customer Expo(2. 5) to pay for the meal. The customer then leaves the restaurant. ————————————————- * ————————————————- The performance metrics of interest are the 95% Confidence Interval of the average length of time a customer spends in the system and the 95% Confidence Interval of the average number of customers leaving the system after they eat lunch. ————————————————- ————————————————-Run the model for 3 hours and make 20 replications. Report the performance metrics in a text-box on the model. Also, if necessary, note any assumptions you made on a text-box on the model. ————————————————- Arena file name: yournameIT630Q2. doe. Place file into folder: yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam. Warning: It is your responsibility to make sure that your file is present in your yourNameIT630InClassFinalExam folder and tha t it opens properly. ————————————————- ————————————————- ———————————————— ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————————————†”—————————————— ————————————————- ————————————————- END OF IN-CLASS PORTION OF FINAL EXAM ————————————————- You may leave when done. ————————————————-

Introduction to Legal Theory - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1620 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Did you like this example? Legal theory is a primary subject which could serve as the basis for law and due to its vast theorists and their ideas such as natural law, legal positivism, utilitarianism and feminism, this essay will explain legal theory, legal research and the importance of legal theory and how it is linked to legal research, it will also discuss various theorists and the essay will go further to show the relationship between legal theory and law. Firstly, legal theory can be described as a subject that is taught and learnt in university for law related courses. Legal theory basis its ideas on law and morality which are two main ideologies for law. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Introduction to Legal Theory" essay for you Create order à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The purpose of legal research is to find authority that will aid in finding a solution to a legal problem. Primary authorities are the rules of law that are binding upon the courts, government, and individuals. Examples are statutes, regulations, court orders, and court decisions. They are generated by legislatures, courts, and administrative agencies. Secondary authorities are commentaries on the law that do not have binding effect but aid in explaining what the law is or should beà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [1]. Legal research is the process of using both primary and secondary sources to find out more information about law and to come up with solutions for legal problems; it deals with statutes, cases, treaties, laws, critical analysis and facts. In legal theory there are theories which help to structure law in the modern world. Some of these theories are natural law, legal positivism, utilitarianism and feminism. Natural law is based on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“what ought to beà ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã‚  and it deals with morals and reasoning. Theorists such as Augustine and Aquinas believed in morality, God and Christian influence. Augustine had the idea that an unjust law is not law while Aquinas believed in the four types of law which were divine law, eternal law, human law and natural law which all had to do with reasoning, morality and religion. This can be linked to law and the legal system that some countries are practicing. Natural law helps students to understand law and legal theory from a natural law point of view. McLeod states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“some natural lawyers look to religious beliefs, while others are content to derive moral foundation from observable facts and certain logical inferences which they claim, may be drawn from them.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [2] The statement that was made from McLeod shows that lawyers that are based in natural law can look at law from a religious belief or from a moral perspective. In addition to this John Finnis and Lon Luv ous fuller also had their own theories concerning natural law. Fullerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s theory talks about the development of natural law in a way that is modern and secular, he also goes further to explain inner morality and legal systems that subjects humans to the government of law, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“rule of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Fuller also believed that a good legal system must have eight components which are (i) to have rules (without rules there is no system), (ii) rules must be published, (iii) law must be prospective, (iv) law must be clear and transparent, (v) rules must be non-contradictory, (vi) possibility to comply, (vii) legal certainty and (viii) rule of law. Finnis has a more different approach, he believes in human fruition, individual law; he believes that the law should promote human fruition. He also talks about the seven universal principles of natural law which are, life, knowledge, play, Ecstatic experience, friendship, practical reasoning and spiritual exper ience (not necessarily God).Finnis and Fuller can be perceived as a modern day form of natural law theorists. Natural law helps in legal research because it deals with morality which gives the researcher an idea of law that can be linked to human rights. Human rights can be viewed as a factor under natural law which gives the researcher an idea of the relationship between natural law and human rights. Apart from this, legal positivism is also seen to be one of the important areas in Legal theory. Legal positivism takes a more different approach towards law; legal positivism deals with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“what isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“According to legal positivism, law is synonymous with positive norms, that is, norms made by the legislator or considered as common law or case law. Formal criteria of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s origin, law enforcement and legal effectiveness are all sufficient for social norms to be considered law. It looks at legal system and how the law of a state should be based on a good legal system.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3] Theorists such as John Austin, H.L.A Hart and Hans Kelsen talk about good legal systems, rules and norms. Legal positivism also goes further to explain the separation of morality from law hence showing the difference between legal positivism and natural law. Austin believes in a state having a sovereign who is habitually obeyed, gives commands and inflicts sanctions if not followed. His theory is known as the command theory which serves as an important ideology for law. Hart talks about a legal system that consists of primary rules which are only valid if followed from the secondary rules. The secondary rules consist of rules of recognition, rules of change and rules of adjudication. Hans Kelsen talks about grund norm which means the first basic law and how the law should stem from this to form a good legal system in a society. Legal positivism helps in legal research because it gives the researcher an insight of the laws, rules and norms which can be linked to the laws that are used in the modern day society and. Not only this, but legal positivism can also be linked to law as a subject and can help students understand the judgments of cases. Apart from this, another important theorist that should be considered is Jeremy Bentham who was the founder of utilitarianism. This theory talks about the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Bentham used the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“judge made lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  as a term of abuse and contempt. Bentham also believed that the price of pleasure or pain depends only on its intensity and duration which can be quantified at least in principle exactly[4] and these are his principle of utility: (i) the good of a society is the sum of happiness of the individuals in that society[5], (ii) the purpose of morality is promotion of the good of society[6], (iii) a moral principle is ideal if and only if universal conformity to it would maximize the good of so ciety[7] and (iv) universal conformity to the principle of UTILITY (Act always so as to maximize total net balance of pleasures and pains) would maximize the good of society[8]. Utilitarianism allows human beings to determine what should be in the law by discovering what brings about the greatest amount of happiness and the least amount of pain. Apart from this, Bentham also argued that human beings are basically selfish and therefore should be ruled by a sovereign power that creates the law and the law decides what the peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights should be because without law human rights are valueless. This point leads to what Bentham views natural law as which is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“nonsense upon stiltsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and he believes that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“what ought to beà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is unimportant because if these rights cannot be seen then how can it be understood. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Bentham holds that natural laws are the product of the imagination of those that invoke them and anyone may lay down what he pleases (Principles of Legislation, Ch. XIII).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [9] The utilitarian theory helps in legal research because it helps the researcher or student understand the relationship between the values of law, pleasure and natural rights in the society. Another theory that can be considered is the feminist theory. Feminism is an ideology that is aimed at defining, establishing and defending equal political, economic and social rights for women. Feminist jurisprudence is a philosophy of law based on the political, economic, and social equality of sexes. As a field of legal scholarship, feminist jurisprudence began in the 1960s[10]. It now holds an important place in law, legal thought and influences many debates on sexual and domestic violence, inequality (glass ceiling) in the workplace, and gender discrimination[11]. Through various approaches, feminists have identified gendered components and gendered implications of seemingly neutral laws and p ractices. Laws affecting employment, divorce, reproductive rights, rape, domestic violence, and sexual harassment have all benefited from the analysis and insight of feminist jurisprudence.[12] Feminism helps in legal research looking at it from the feminist perspective and how that can be related to the society and law. In conclusion legal theory helps to broaden the knowledge of students and legal practitioners on law which gives them the understanding and ideas they need to carry out legal research. It also shows how the various theories and theorists help to understand the relationship between law and the society and also the relationship between legal theory and other law based subjects. 1 [1] Legal research, Cornell University Law School, https://www.law.cornell.edu [accessed 2nd April, 2014] [2] McLeod I, LEGAL THEORY, 6th edition, 2012, palgrave macmillan, pg 19 [3] Legal positivism, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://www.iep.utm.edu [accessed 2nd April, 2014] [4] Utilitarian philosophy, https://www.utilitarianphilisophy.com [accessed 9th April, 2014] [5] Utilitarian philosophy, https://www.utilitarianphilisophy.com [accessed 9th April, 2014] [6] Utilitarian philosophy, https://www.utilitarianphilisophy.com [accessed 9th April, 2014] [7] Utilitarian philosophy, https://www.utilitarianphilisophy.com [accessed 9th April, 2014] [8] Utilitarian philosophy, https://www.utilitarianphilisophy.com [accessed 9th April, 2014] [9] Bentham on human rights and liberty, Fidis, https://www.fidis.net [accessed 9th April, 2014] [10] Feminist Jurisprudence, Legal information institute, https://www.law.cornell.edu [accessed 9th April, 2014] [11] Feminist Jurisprudence, Legal information institute, https://www.law.cornell.edu [accessed 9th April, 2014] [12] Feminist Jurisprudence, Legal information institute, https://www.law.cornell.edu [accessed 9th April, 2014]

America s Drug Enforcement And Addiction - 1725 Words

It might seem like the United States has become more lenient on drug enforcement and addiction. Considering that municipalities removed penalties for bringing in someone overdoing on drugs into the emergency room and have lowered the minimum amount of time someone spends in prison for drug possession. However, I argue these changes are motivated by the changing face of heroin or its increasing use among the white suburban middle class. For instance, more social resources have been allocated to today’s Heroin epidemic compared to harsh crime laws issued in the 1990’s used to combat the Drug War. One can argue that the United States has taken steps to improve the treatment of drug users, but this overlooks the fact that there is an†¦show more content†¦(Fernandez) This resulted in increasing instances of racially segregated neighborhoods and aggravated Urban decay in Inner city neighborhoods. Although disenfranchisement in the South may not fully explain why drug addiction marginalizes racial minorities, it is key to explaining why African Americans and other minorities were subject to harsher penalties during 1990’s. The War on Drugs was declared In the 1980’s and 90’s, the United States was going through a War on Drugs. â€Å"The carceral effects of the New Democrats’ competition with the Republicans vastly increased the ranks of the incarcerated. State and federal prisons imprisoned more people under Clinton’s watch than under any previous administration.† (Murch) The Clinton administration took a different approach to what its republican predecessors did. It included The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which introduced harsher penalties for drug trafficking and violent and escalated the Drug War. The bill included provisions such as: â€Å"†¦including a three strikes mandatory life sentence for repeat offenders, money to hire 100,000 new police officers, $9.7bn in funding for prisons, and an expansion of death penalty-eligible offences. It also dedicated $6.1bn to prevention [programs] designed with significant input from experienced police officers, however, the bulk of the funds were dedicated to measures that are seen as punitive rather than rehabilitative or preventative.† (BBC)Show MoreRelatedLaw Enforcement : The United States Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesWe the People Law enforcement was designed in the early 1800’s by a man named Robert Peal, which is why cops are sometimes referred to as Bobbies in England; designing an organization of law enforcement that would protect people from harming other people (Christ). This was the model that we based our western law enforcement agencies on, until prohibition became a federal task in the 1920’s. 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Drugs must be decriminalized because decriminalization has proven that the death rates and crime rates have decreased and the use of drugs have decreased in decriminalized countries such as PortugalRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Abuse1143 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica has been fighting drug abuse for over a century. Four Presidents have waged a â€Å"War on Drugs† and unfortunately, this war continues to be lost at an alarming magnitude. Drug abusers continue to fill our courts, hospitals, and prisons. The drug trade causes violent crime that ravages our neighborhoods. Children of drug abusers are neglected, abused, and even abandoned. The current methods of dealing with this issue are not worki ng. Our society needs to implement new and effective laws and programsRead MoreDrug Abuse1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe use of and abuse of illegal and prescription drugs are a health, social, and law enforcement problem that is affecting Americans across the country. Drug abuse is destroying the lives of many teens and adults and is also destroying families in the United States. The use of drugs is a major problem in the United States among all Americans, but drug addiction is the main cause for America s troubled teens today. Exactly what is a drug? A drug is any chemical that produces a therapeutic or non-therapeutic

The Battle Of The World War II Essay - 1908 Words

Doomsday is defined as the day where the world will come to an end and people will face God on Judgment Day. Many people are fascinated by the notion that Doomsday will eventually happen soon, but there’s always a miscalculation when it comes to predicting as when the world will end. World War II is the most significant period in the twentieth century because technology, civil rights movement in the U.S, and the ability to explore outer space took a huge leap of fascination around the world. The two powerful allies emerged during World War II as to begin a Cold War with each other that defined the twentieth century. The idea that the world will come to an end by a nuclear war based on previous events from World War II that can potentially one day happen again because of historic evidence from the Cold War that wiped out two major cities in Japan, scientific evidence of a secret nuclear weapon written in India’s ancient epics, and the production of radiation smoke that b uilds up overtime can slowly kill humans. Zombies are dead corpse that is revived by a virus. The myth of zombies originated from Haiti in 1626 to 1800s, as an image of inhumanity where slaves were treated ruthlessly. In the Haitian religion, slaves believed that dying was a way for them to return to Guinea, where they are free from torture in the afterlife. Under the ruled by Saint-Domingue in France when African slaves to work for the sugar plantation. 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On December 7,1941, Japanese planes and submarines attacked the American Naval base at pearl harbor, one of America’s largest bases and the largest base in the Pacific Ocean.The attack caused serious damage to the base, taking out America’s strongest battleships, killing thousands of people, and destroying hundreds of planes. America officially enters World War II. TheRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe first time aircrafts are seen playing major roles in World War II Germany and Japan had begun to attack the nation. Germany and Japan began their initial attacks strong with air strikes, first attacking Holland, Denver, France, and England. When the British retaliated, they had cutting-edge fighters guided by radar. The Battle for Britain was one of the first battles fought solely in the air, keeping Germany from taking control of Britain’s airways. Japan also began its attack on the U.S viaRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II995 Words   |  4 PagesAlyssa Humphrey Humphrey, 1 April 21, 2015 2nd On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Hitler s Nazi Germany in retaliation. Humiliated and dissatisfied with their loss in World War I Germany wanted a powerful leader who could bring them to a strong victory. Invading the whole world meant there would be other countries stronger then they were. By this time, the Japanese had built a strong naval offense system known as the Combined Fleet commanded by IrorokuRead MoreThe Battle Of World War II1168 Words   |  5 Pages The Battles of World War II Normandy Invasion, D-Day In December 1943, the head of staff of the Allies picked American General Dwight D. Eisenhower as incomparable administrator for the Allies in Europe. English General, Sir Frederick Morgan, added to various arrangements for the Allies, most uncommon was Operation Overlord, a full-scale intrusion of France over the English Channel. This was the codename for the most mysterious summon in the war. The initial plan was to cross the English ChannelRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II2128 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War II, which lasted from 1939 to 1945, is considered the largest armed conflict in human history. This war was fought over six different continents, in every ocean, and ultimately resulted in fifty million military and civilian deaths; including the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust. Within the course of the seven-year span of fighting in the war, two decisive battles changed the tide of the war in each theater: The D-Day landings and the Battle of Midway. The invasion of NormandyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1315 Words   |  6 PagesSam Carter L9 To What Extent was the Battle of Stalingrad a More Important Turning Point in World War II than the Battle of Britain? The Battle of Stalingrad was fought from the September 1942 through to early February 1943, and took place after the Germans had reached the fringes of Leningrad and Moscow in operation Barbarossa. Hitler’s, and the German commander of the sixth army, General von Paulus’ main aim was to take and secure the oil fields of Caucasus in Russia. The oil from here wouldRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1156 Words   |  5 PagesWord War II was a time that caused many people to feel a lot of tension, anxiety and concern. While some wanted power, control, and wanted the notion of superiority. Others were left feeling unsafe, scared, and were worried of what the future would bring them. The uncertainly lead many to feed off the fear and the tension among people rose. No one was to be trusted. During the time of World War II the most important thing to have was power. Countries did not care how they would achieve it they simplyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe global conflict known as World War 2 had been brutally raging on for over two years. American forces had managed to stay out of the war. However, when the Japanese bombed the naval base in Hawaii, Pearl Harbor, the Americans could no longer hold out. On December 7, 1941, the United States of America entered WWII (â€Å"Origins of the Normandy Landing†). Before the Americans entered the war, Winston Churchill and the Allies (Britain, Canada, France) were losing the war. Everything was against themRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1249 Words   |  5 Pageswere more than one hundred warships which included eight massive battleships. The US was suffering from the Great Depression, which made Americans think that they would stay out of World War II. As tensions grew between Japan and America, American sailors and airmen were training just in case the US were to join World War II. Americans had not realized that Japan and America were becoming enemies because the main enemy was Adolf Hitler; his goal was to conquer all the democracies of Europe. In 1940,

The Transition Student To Graduate Nurse free essay sample

The new graduate nurses (NGN) are faced with various issues and challenges especially in their first year of nursing practice. The period of transition from a student to a graduate nurse is a demanding period that is filled with new experiences and there are several concerns and factors that can affect the transition process. The research into the issues has recommended some strategies that can be utilised to ease the transition process from being a student to a professional practicing nurse. Exhaustion, reality shock and time management are some of the factors and issues that the new graduate might encounter during their first year in their career. There are several recommended programs, which have been developed to address the issues that influence the transition period such as mentoring, support networks and time management planners. This essay will discuss in detail the range of issues, as well as the strategies and resources to facilitate the adjustment to the new role of a new registered nurse. Romyn et al. (2009) states some factors that influence the transition period from a student to a graduate nurse and how quickly newly graduate nurses are able to demonstrate mastery of their new role including personal qualities of the individual registered nurse such as age, previous work experience, maturity and aspirations. It was found that students who have worked as nursing assistants seemed to do better in their role as they had early hands-on experience. Other factors include the quality of educational preparation received during their pre-registration nursing program and the period of clinical experiences. Also, the duration and quality of transition programs for new graduates which is provided by institutions of employment, the attitudes and behavior of the more experienced nurses in employing institutions as well as the demands been placed on the registered nurse in clinical situations (Chang Daly, 2012). Fink, Krugman, Casey and Goode (2008) found that the transition of graduate nurses from a student into a professional practice setting is a concern, which is long-standing and widely recognised as a period of stress, reality shock and role adjustment. This is often due to the fact the students are been observed by a nurse when performing clinical tasks. Once the student graduates, they experience reality shock, when they try to adjust to their new role. Reality shock is a term used to describe a gap between what the students are taught to expect, and what is actually experienced during their early stages of work and often the shock occurs when the new graduate nurses discover it difficult to integrate the knowledge obtained in the university into their daily professional practice. Moreover they discover there is a theory- practice gap as the theory they have been taught in lectures differs to the theory required in a clinical setting (Vieira da Silva et al. , 2010). Duchscher (2008) states that the discrepancies between what graduates understand as nursing from the real world of delivery of health care service compared to their education leaves the new nursing graduates with a sense of groundlessness. The nursing environment moves the new graduates away from the nursing practice adopted in their educational process towards a more productive, efficient and achievement-oriented context that places importance on institutionally imposed social goals which leads to role ambiguity and internal conflict. Duclos-Miller (2011) identified that role stress, role overload and role ambiguity all contribute to transition issues. Role stress is the incongruence between perceived expectations, role and achievements, which occurs due to the status change from a student to graduate nurse. Furthermore, difficulty experienced from the challenges of the new role, such as lack of consistent and clear information about the behavior expected from them, lack of clearly specified responsibilities, lack of confidence, as well as coping with the beginning level of competence as a registered nurse (Duclos-Miller, 2011). Role ambiguity is the lack of information needed for role definition and behavior that is expected in their new role, which includes the psychological, social aspects of role performance. Whereas, role overload includes learning of new roles, difficulty with time management and prioritising task. Also other stressors include the feeling of not being competent, encountering new procedures and situations, fear of making mistakes due to increased workload and working with experienced staff nurses that are unwilling to assist (Duclos-Miller, 2011). West, Ahern, Byrnes and Kwanten (2007) indicate that the new graduate nurses may have not worked full-time in the past; given that graduate nurses begin their career with a full-time job can lead to exhaustion. It was discovered that shift work leads to desynchronisation of physiologically determined circadian rhythms which has a major psychobiology effect and it is commonly perceived the effects of shift work contribute to graduate nurses attrition rate. The NGNs often have a high level of stress due to disturbed sleeping patterns, as they find to adaption to shift work or rotating work hours difficult. Eventually, it leads to feelings of lack of job satisfaction, exhaustion and spending of less time with their friends and family, which can eventually could lead to burnout (West et al. , 2007). Dyess and Sherman (2009) found that new graduate nurses expressed concerns about their ability to delegate and supervise other nurses or unlicensed assistive personnel as they felt unprepared to deal with any type of conflict, they tend to avoid any type of situation rather than confront the situation, as they felt unequipped to explore to conflict professionally. Another issue encountered by the NGN is the ability to communicate with physicians and other members of the multidisciplinary team of which interactions with physicians were a source of anxiety and stress. Moreover, the lack of professional confidence that new graduate may feel can be heightened, when another professional expresses disgust or uses a gruff tone. This is a safety issue because a sense of insecurity can contribute to the NGN avoiding contact with the physician, unless a patient experiences an extreme physiological decline (Dyess Sherman, 2009). Morrow (2009) states that most graduate nurses experience horizontal violence in their first year of practice, they felt undervalued and neglected by other nurses and experienced rude and humiliating verbal statements and unjust criticism. The most common form of horizontal violence was in form of psychological harassment, which includes intimidation, exclusion, and innuendos. The cumulative impact may lead to absenteeism and frustration that may lead to the consideration of leaving the nursing profession (Morrow, 2009). In order for the factors and issues that surround the transition from a student to a graduate nurse to be addressed, certain strategies needs to be implemented that can ease the transition period. An Important strategy that can be implemented to assist the graduate nurses to assimilate into a professional working environment is a graduate program. It will aid to build the confidence of the new graduate nurse through the provision of support and mentorship during their period of adjustment, and assist the new nurse to assimilate into the hospital environment, think critically and problem solve which will allow the graduates to deal with obstacles encountered in patient care and prepare them for a lifelong learning and also help them in the integration of theory to practice (Davey Vittrup, 2009). The creation of formal preceptor and mentorship is an effective strategy to facilitate a successful transition. A preceptor is an assigned role in which a capable employee assists with the development and orientation of the new graduate; they are usually responsible for evaluation and supervising the work of the preceptee. However, a mentor actively supports the graduate nurse with personal and career development, personal support, counseling and acceptance. Also, they help the novice nurse to raise their confidence and recognise their limitations. In addition, mentors help novice nurses in setting realistic goals by recommending appropriate courses of action (Ellis Hartley, 2012). NGN require resources and information that are designed to facilitate their adjustment in a clinical area, which will enable them to gain skills and knowledge to perform satisfactorily in their job. Resources such as an orientation program involves the induction of a NGN to the organisational mission and vision statement, as well as an introduction to the procedures and policies related to nursing activities such as medication administration. An appropriate orientation and induction program will ensure that a NGN can safely plan and conduct patient care. In addition, with an appropriate orientation program the NGN is aware of the overall culture of the hospital, which can make the NGN to feel accepted and part of a team in a clinical environment, which can promote overall positive outcomes with workplace satisfaction of the NGN (Burgess D’ Hondt, 2007). Effective strategies that enhance the time management skills which is one of the above mentioned issue for new graduates are to arrive to work much earlier, avoiding distractors such as focusing on issues of co-workers, assess patients to note if any extra supplies will be needed to carry out clinical procedures, keeping shift record on track and to chart during the shift and not at the end of the shift and prioritise task to be performed (Booth, 2011). However, to prioritise task the novice nurse needs to learn how to delegate. First, to enhance the skill the nurse should consider how others have delegated to them, consider their body language when delegating by maintaining eye contact, being pleasant and leave any room for suggestions, but ensure they are not intimidated by writing a list of task and posting it at the nurses station, it leaves little room for a misunderstanding (Cherry Jacob, 2008). Debrief is a form of retrospective analysis of critical incidents that are encountered in nursing, it is a critical incident-reduction technique that incorporates, structured phases of group discussion. It enables the NGN to learn from their mistakes. Debriefing sessions provides NGN with access to peer support and allows the individual to reevaluate a situation in a different perspective, which can enhance a new graduates learning opportunity and is also an effective way to reduce stress and anxiety in a NGN (Cant Cooper, 2011). According to West et al. (2007) exhaustion as the result of shift work is common amongst new graduate nurses, strategies that can be utilised to lessen the effects of stress encountered as a result of a new graduate trying to adapt to shift work is to incorporate shift work into the clinical placements of an undergraduate nursing degree to enable new graduate nurses to be prepared for the effects of shift work in order for an effective work and sleep schedule to be determined and also a negotiation with their intended workplace to achieve the best possible outcomes for the both parties (West et al. , 2007). The strategies for responding to horizontal violence should be part of a new graduate orientation program as NGN are unlikely to be prepared to react appropriately to acts of horizontal violence. Specific information such as scripted responses for the NGN to use when a scenario is encountered and an opportunity should be provided for role-play and practice (Dyess Sherman, 2009). Parker, Gilles, Lantry and McMillian (2012) states that new graduates are less likely to be bullied or experience horizontal violence, when they have access to a workplace with empowering structures such as access to resources, information, support, strong work alliances, job discretion and the opportunities to learn and grow. The transition from a student to a graduate nurse can be a stressful and difficult time in the career of a graduate nurse. However, several factors have been mentioned that can impact on how the NGN can cope during the period of transition. The implementation of research strategies that has proven to be effective in easing the transition of a student to a graduate nurse can be utilised to counteract the factors and issues that are encountered during the transition period. The provision of adequate support and incorporation of effective strategies in organisations, the problems and issues of the NGN can be resolved and all NGN will experience a positive transition process which can facilitate a positive adjustment to their employment as a registered nurse.

Writing and Literary Essay free essay sample

The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel. This purpose is clearly articulated in a valid thesis statement. The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel, but the analysis is not complete. The purpose is stated in a thesis statement. The literary essay contains insightful analysis and examples of the choices characters make, the consequences of the choices, the connection to theme, and the way in which these ideas reflect the broader historical or literary context in Britain. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing and Literary Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The writer explains the connections between the evidence and the thesis. The literary essay contains examples and analysis, but some points remain unsupported, or the writer does not make a convincing connection between evidence presented and conclusions drawn. The essay may not fully explore or explain the way in which this work reflects its historical or literary context in Britain. The essay may present more summary than analysis. The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel. This purpose is clearly articulated in a valid thesis statement. The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel, but the analysis is not complete. The purpose is stated in a thesis statement. The literary essay contains insightful analysis and examples of the choices characters make, the consequences of the choices, the connection to theme, and the way in which these ideas reflect the broader historical or literary context in Britain. The writer explains the connections between the evidence and the thesis. The literary essay contains examples and analysis, but some points remain unsupported, or the writer does not make a convincing connection between evidence presented and conclusions drawn. The essay may not fully explore or explain the way in which this work reflects its historical or literary context in Britain. The essay may present more summary than analysis. The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel. This purpose is clearly articulated in a valid thesis statement. The literary essay fulfills its purpose of analyzing the characters, themes, and/or historical context of the novel, but the analysis is not complete. The purpose is stated in a thesis statement. The literary essay contains insightful analysis and examples of the choices characters make, the consequences of the choices, the connection to theme, and the way in which these ideas reflect the broader historical or literary context in Britain. The writer explains the connections between the evidence and the thesis. The literary essay contains examples and analysis, but some points remain unsupported, or the writer does not make a convincing connection between evidence presented and conclusions drawn. The essay may not fully explore or explain the way in which this work reflects its historical or literary context in Britain. The essay may present more summary than analysis.